Navigation is a fundamental component of modern information application systems, ranging from military, transportations, and logistic, to explorations. Traditional navigations are based on an absolute coordination system that provides a precise map of the physical world, the locations of the moving objects, and the optimized navigation routes. In recent years, many new emerging applications have presented new demands for navigation, e.g., underwater/underground navigations where no GPS or other localizations are available, an un-explored area with no maps, and task-oriented navigations without specific routes. The advances in IoT and AI enable us to design new navigation paradigms, embodied navigation that allows the moving object to interact with the physical world to obtain the local map, localize the objects, and optimize the navigation routes accordingly. We make a systematic and comprehensive review of research in embodied navigation, encompassing key aspects on perceptions, navigation and efficiency optimization. Beyond advancements in these areas, we also examine the emerging tasks enabled by embodied navigation which require flexible mobility in diverse and evolving environments. Moreover, we identify the challenges associated with deploying embodied navigation systems in the real world and extend them to substantial areas. We aim for this article to provide valuable insights into this rapidly developing field, fostering future research to close existing gaps and advance the development of general-purpose autonomous systems grounded in embodied navigation.

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is a prevalent technology in various applications due to its low power consumption and wide device compatibility. Despite its numerous advantages, the encryption methods of BLE often expose devices to potential attacks. To fortify security, we investigate the application of Physical-layer Key Generation (PKG), a promising technology that enables devices to generate a shared secret key from their shared physical environment. We propose a distinctive approach that capitalizes on the inherent characteristics of BLE to facilitate efficient PKG. We harness the constant tone extension within BLE protocols to extract comprehensive physical layer information and introduce an innovative method that employs Legendre polynomial quantization for PKG. This method facilitates the exchange of secret keys with a high key matching rate and a high key generation rate. The efficacy of our approach is validated through extensive experiments on a software-defined radio platform, underscoring its potential to enhance security in the rapidly expanding field of BLE applications.

Flexible manufacturing is one of the core goals of Industry 4.0 and brings new challenges to current industrial control systems. Our detailed field study on auto glass industry revealed that existing production lines are laborious to reconfigure, difficult to upscale, and costly to upgrade during production switching. Such inflexibility arises from the tight coupling of devices, controllers, and control tasks. In this work, we propose a new architecture for industrial control systems named Control-as-a-Service (CaaS). CaaS transfers and distributes control tasks from dedicated controllers into Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) switches. By combining control and transmission functions in switches, CaaS virtualizes the industrial TSN network to one Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). We propose a set of techniques that realize end-to-end determinism for in-network industrial control and a joint task and traffic scheduling algorithm. We evaluate the performance of CaaS on testbeds based on real-world networked control systems. The results show that the idea of CaaS is feasible and effective, and CaaS achieves absolute packet delivery, 42-45% lower latency, and three orders of magnitude lower jitter. We believe CaaS is a meaningful step towards the distribution, virtualization, and servitization of industrial control.

Streaming services have billions of mobile subscribers, yet video piracy has cost service providers billions. Digital Rights Management (DRM), however, is still far from satisfactory. Unlike DRM, which attempts to prohibit the creation of pirated copies, fingerprinting may be used to track out the source of piracy. Nevertheless, the idea of piracy tracing is not widely used at the moment, since existing fingerprinting-based streaming systems fail to serve numerous users. In this paper, we present the design and evaluation of StreamingTag, a scalable piracy tracing system for mobile streaming services. StreamingTag adopts a segment-level fingerprint embedding scheme to remove the need of re-embedding the fingerprint into the video for each new viewer. The key innovations of StreamingTag include a scalable and CDN-friendly delivery framework, a polarized and randomized SVD watermarking scheme suitable for short segments, and a collusion-resistant fingerprinting scheme optimized for large-scale streaming services. Experiment results show the good QoS of StreamingTag in terms of preparation latency, bandwidth consumption, and video fidelity. Compared with existing SVD watermarking schemes, the proposed watermarking scheme improves the watermark extraction accuracy by 2.25x at most and 1.5x on average. Compared with existing collusion-resistant fingerprinting schemes, the proposed scheme catches more colluders and improves the recall rate by 26%.

In this paper, we present our endeavor in understanding fileless attacks on Linux-based IoT devices in the wild. Over a span of twelve months, we deploy 4 hardware IoT honeypots and 108 specially designed software IoT honeypots, and successfully attract a wide variety of real-world IoT attacks. We present our measurement study on these attacks, with a focus on fileless attacks, including the prevalence, exploits, environments, and impacts.